A multipurpose gas in the metal fabrication sector
This gas has the characteristic of being inert under normal conditions, but if subject to high temperatures or to an electric arc it can become active and influence the final result of the process. It is widely used in plasma and laser cutting processes for noble materials such as austenitic or high alloy steels, aluminium.
-196 °C
Boiling point
1,4023 J/mol
First ionisation energy
Low ionization energy.
0,97
Relative density
79% in air.
Related Gases
Hydrogen for welding
Reducing gas, which generates glossy finishes. Generates highly energetic arcs depending on the percentage in the mixture due to its high thermal conductivity and dissociation energy. It has a plasmogenic effect. Offers good arc stability and fluidity.
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Helium for welding
Low density inert gas. It is not usually used pure. It has a high ionisation potential, which on the one hand provides low stability and costly ignitions, and on the other hand, the advantage of being able to work with extreme parameters. This, together with its high thermal conductivity, provides highly energetic arcs and very fluid baths, which increases the welding speed.
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Carbon Dioxide for welding
Oxidising gas 1.53 times denser than air, providing good protection. It has a low ionisation potential, which is why it began to be used in the MAG (Metal Active Gas) process. It generates energetic arcs due to dissociation and recombination but not very stable and not very fluid baths with a high rate of projections and fumes giving nut-like penetrations.
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Acetylene for welding
Extremely unstable combustible gas under normal conditions. It is treated in special cylinders stabilised with a solvent: usually acetone. It generates a high flame temperature and remains the most productive fuel gas in this type of process.
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